Saturday, August 31, 2019



Times Square’s Most Outrageous Sex Show, The Queen of Shock Rock, and The Svengali


Punk music. Adult films. Both were subversive art forms in New York in the 1970s. They challenged conventions, shocked audiences, and took artistic expression to another plane.



The 'mini Trump' who built a kingdom out of books


He wore a golden crown made from cardboard, appointed a horse as his prime minister and declared his hometown an independent country on April Fool's Day.
In many ways, Richard Booth was a classic British eccentric whose regular bouts of mischief and bluster could easily be dismissed as harmless follies that would never earn him much more than local notoriety.

Pussy Galore - Pretty Fuck Look


Pussy Galore

Pretty Fuck Look

from the ep Pussy Gold 5000

Future Now: Interview with J.G. Ballard


Future Now: Interview with J.G. Ballard

short film produced for Swedish television (1986)

Ms. All Bare America 1975


Ms. All Bare America 1975

short documentary film

Friday, August 30, 2019

Orion Rigel Dommisse - Drink Yourself (To Death)


Orion Rigel Dommisse

Drink Yourself (To Death)

from the lp What I Want Is Sweet


MX 80 Sound - Why Are We Here


MX 80 Sound

Why Are We Here

from the lp Crowd Control

Jeffrey Epstein’s “Suicide” Is A Baudrillardian Perfect Crime


Few cinematic sequences signify the dawn of postmodernism and all its attendant schizoid unknowability beneath its constructed surface veneer better than the final scene of Francis Ford Coppola’s The Conversation. In that scene, the audio tapping specialist Harry, portrayed with quiet and contemplative everyman rage by the great Gene Hackman, rips his apartment up with impotent furor trying to locate the wiretap that he knows is there. Note my word choice here: “knows.” Harry isn’t being paranoid, and even if he was, well: “A paranoid is someone who knows a little of what is going on,” wrote William S. Burroughs. As a wiretapping expert, Harry has too deep an understanding to believe that he isn’t being surveilled. He knows he’s being watched, and seeing the film through Harry, we also know that he’s being watched, and we also know that we are being watched. But at the same time, we will never have any material proof that we are being watched. 


Thursday, August 29, 2019

Gilles de Rais: The Occultist Who Killed Children


      Practitioners of the occult have always had a curious connection to sex and money. The fifteenth century French aristocrat named Gilles de Rais was no exception. Originally considered a prominent citizen, the military leader turned landowner and theater director’s life ended at the end of a rope, condemned and executed for committing some of the worst crimes ever committed on French soil. Whether he was a real magician or an easily conned dupe is a matter that historians have yet to settle.
     Probably born in 1405 in his family’s modest castle, Gilles de Rais appeared to have a privileged life in the making. As a boy he developed an interest in religious art and learned to speak Latin fluently. When his parents died at the age of ten, Rais was sent to live with his maternal grandfather Jean de Craon. The elder man had plans to increase his familial property and wealth by arranging for the young Rais to marry a rich daughter of the aristocracy and thereby inherit her wealth in the form of a dowry. Meanwhile, the student Rais studied his passions, religion, ethics, and military strategy in school. The upwardly-mobile grandfather eventually found success and hitched his grandson to Catherine de Thouars of Brittany; she was an heiress from the province of Poitou and Gilles de Rais’s landholdings increased considerably.
     Life took off for the prodigal young upstart. Catherine gave birth to their only daughter and Rais became a courtier in the Duchy of Brittany; he took sides with the House of Montfort in the Breton War of Succession, a decision that resulted in him being granted tracts of land as a gift for helping negotiate the release of an imprisoned duke. Soon after, the 100 Years War between France and England began. Gilles de Rais was appointed as a commanding officer in the Royal Army and fought side by side with Joan of Arc. Whereas Joan of Arc was burned at the stake for heresy after claiming to have heard the voices of fairies who helped her lead the army to victory, Gilles de Rais went home to his castle and took up the study of religion once again. His own death penalty would come later.
In the 1430s, Rais spent a considerable sum of his fortune on having his own church built which he called the Chapel Of the Holy Innocents. Dressed in flamboyant robes of his own design, he used the chapel to stage performances of a theatrical extravaganza that he wrote called the Mystery Of the Siege of Orleans. The sprawling and overblown performances had over 200 cast members, each wearing a sparkling custom-made costume which was discarded after each play. A new set of clothes for the actors was tailored each time a show was given. Gilles de Rais also showed his appreciation for the actors by not only paying them, but also by holding lavish banquets with piles of gourmet food and endless casks of wine.
     The performances and excessive revelries in decadence were a financial black hole. Gilles de Rais began selling land to raise enough money to continue the productions; soon he was near bankruptcy. His family petitioned the government to end the plays but legally there was nothing they could do. They turned to ecclesiastic law for aid and the church agreed to condemn his theater as a sin. The devoutly religious Rais was confronted with the possibility of excommunication if he did not cease and desist on his spendings and so the performances stopped.
     Gilles de Rais was almost broke. He needed funds to continue the lifestyle he craved. He sent word out across Europe that he wanted to hire a magician or alchemist to help him bring back his fortune.
     One day an Italian cleric from the Catholic church showed up at the castle of Gilles de Rais. His name was Francois Prelati and he claimed to be a practitioner of necromancy and the alchemical arts. He had brought with him a manuscript on demonology and black magic. After studying the grimoire, Rais agreed to help summon a demon named Barron who could help him obtain the wealth he desired. Some say that Prelati and Rais became lovers; sexual relations between the two were preparations for the ceremonial magic that was soon to come. While the two men became intimate with each other’s bodies, Prelati also became intimate with Gilles de Rais’s castle, learning where the hidden vaults for storing money and jewels were located.
     Prelati drew up a contract for Rais to sign in blood in exchange for wealth. One night, when the moon and the weather were right, the two men brought it out to the woods. With swords and chalices, the incantations began. While the demonic summoning increased in intensity, an accomplice of Prelati sneaked out of Rais’ castle with a bagful of gold. Meanwhile in the forest, no demon appeared. The ceremony was declared a failure and Prelati said that something else was required.
Months went by and more rituals were performed but nothing supernatural ever came of it. One day Prelati finally said that the one thing missing from the magical rites were the bones of a sacrificed human child. It was at this time that peasant children began to disappear. The next time they met in the woods at midnight, Gilles de Rais produced a bag of small bones. The invocations were resumed and as usual nothing happened.
     Like the impoverished children, Prelati also disappeared. He was said to have arrived back in Italy with a collection of coins and gems. The Catholic church reinstated him in his old position as a cleric.
The poor peasant children continued to vanish. When young boys went to the village to beg for food, they often did not return. The financial fortunes of Gilles de Rais also continued to dwindle. Rais’s servant Poitou would lure naive boys to the castle with promises of endless supplies of rich food and drink. Back in the dining hall, Rais and Poitou would sit with the kidnapped kid while he gorged himself on meats, fruits, and vegetables. They gave him goblets of wine spiked with drugs and when the boy began to get dopey, they took him off to a bedroom draped with red velvet curtains and illuminated with black iron candelabras. The pair took turns torturing the boy. Gilles de Rais then raped him. Poitou would chop off the child’s head with an ax and the two took turns mutilating the corpse and ripping out the internal organs. Poitou would then burn the body in a fireplace and scatter the ashes in the nearby woods. Official records of the time show that about 200 young boys disappeared; most, if not all of them, were victims of Gilles de Rais.
     In 1440, the demon Barron had still not come but the court officials did. The murders stopped when investigators detained Rais’s two servants, Poitou and Henriet; they confessed quickly and gave extensive details of what had gone on. Gilles de Rais was put on trial in both secular and ecclesiastical courts. When threatened with the possibility of torture, Rais confessed to everything and asked to be pardoned for his sins. The church officials granted this request most likely after some Catholic palms were greased. Rais’s only defense was that he was tricked into committing the atrocities by the manipulative and sadistic thief Prelati. The courts did not buy it; Gilles de Rais was sentenced, along with his two servants, to be hung and burned simultaneously.
     Gilles de Rais’s last request was that he be executed before Poitou and Henriet were put to death. The court granted the request. They took him to the gallows, put the noose around his neck, and hung him. While they were kindling the fire under his feet, four women rushed up the platform, cut the body down, and hauled it away before the flesh could burn. His body was later found buried in a grave; the aristocrat Gilles de Rais had secretly made arrangements with his sister to be given a Christian burial and entombed since Catholics believed a cremated body would prevent a departed soul from being given an eternal home in heaven. Criminals of the lower class could not afford such luxuries. Poitou and Henriet, the two servants, were subsequently hung and then burned at the stake, never to be given a funeral or a grave.

Reference
Mackay, Charles. Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds. Wordsworth Editions Ltd., 1995



Rabin Mondal



Monday, August 26, 2019

Saturday, August 24, 2019

The Witch Trials - The Taser


The Witch Trials

The Taser

from the ep The Witch Trials

The Witch Trials - Humanoids From the Deep


The Witch Trials

Humanoids From the Deep

from the ep The Witch Trials

Tragic Mulatto - Tac Squad


Tragic Mulatto

Tac Squad

from the ep Judo For the Blind

Book Review: Childhood"s End by Arthur C. Clarke


     At the beginning of Childhood’s End, two scientists from the USA and the USSR look up at the sky and realize their attempt to win the historical Space Race is futile. A giant space craft has just descended to Earth and the two representatives of their respective nations feel humbled by the realization that the human race is not at the apex of all existence or the center of the universe. So begins this classic novel by Arthur C. Clarke which takes us up to the last days of the human race. While the story itself is completely imaginary, it does force the reader to consider what our place in the universe truly is.
     The extra-terrestrial invaders, subsequently referred to as the Overlords, contact Stormgren, the Secretary General of the United Nations in New York City. Through the spokesman Karellen, Stormgren is given instructions on how to steer the world towards an era of material prosperity and peace. Warfare, poverty, racism, and disease are eliminated and a kind of utopia is achieved. The Overlords, however, never reveal themselves since their appearance would frighten the masses of humanity.
     An interesting narrative technique gets established from the start. Most of what happens at the beginning takes place in human society. The Overlord Karellen makes brief appearances, mostly for the sake of explaining to Stormgren what is going on. As the story continues, the Overlords interact more and more with the humans though they mostly remain in the background until the end of the novel. This alternation of presence and absence of the Overlords creates a rhythmic framework in the narrative that results in a type of depth that might not have been achieved without them lurking in the background. Through this framing device, a tension is built between the humans and the overlords; the inavaders establish from the start that their intentions for making Earth a peaceful planet are entirely benevolent but the audience is left with the question of what their ultimate plans actually are. One thing becomes certain though; their control and manipulation of humanity is minimal and they mostly just observe from their hiding places.
     After Karellen finally reveals himself to the world, a pivotal point in the story comes at a party given by a game warden in Africa named Rupert. He owns the world’s largest collection of books on parapsychology and the Overlord Rashaverak is there to read all his books. Two key events happen at this party. One is that Rupert’s step-brother, the astrophysicist Jan Rodderick, decides he wants to become a stowaway on an Overlord ship and travel to their planet. The other is that Rashaverak learns that the unborn son of Jean Greggson will play an important part in the later events of the story. These revelations occur when the people at the party engage in a ouija board-type séance; Jan learned the name of the star that the Overlord’s planet revolves around and Rashaverak learns that the unborn child is the one psychically transmitting the information to the people at the party.
     Some readers have taken issue with Clarke for including this parapsychology in the story. While in reality, parapsychology may be the domain of frauds and pseudo-scientists, the fact that this novel is a work of science-fiction, with the emphasis on fiction, has to be taken into account. Why would a work of the imagination have to necessarily be based entirely on authentic science to begin with? The psychic transmission of information plays a significant role in moving the narrative forward since Rashaverak later meets with Karellen to inform him of what he learned about Jean’s unborn son. In the context of this fictional story, the element of telepathy makes perfect sense, especially considering that the Overlords are endowed with mental powers that are far superior to those of humans.
     The utopia created by the Overlords is boring for some people. In a society without need or conflict, some people get restless. Thus Jean and her disgruntled husband Greg move to an artists’ colony on an island called New Athens. It is there where their children learn their true purpose in the scheme of evolution and the intentions of the Overlords is finally revealed. But their purpose is still shrouded in mystery. The Overlords are carrying out orders given to them by the Overmind, a being which they themselves do not understand or comprehend. And so the human race is merely serving a function for an unknown purpose in an incomprehensible cosmos where nothing can ever be known with true certainty.
     Meanwhile, Jan Rodderick is warmly received on the Overlords’ planet even though he went there illegally. When they bring him back to Earth he is the last man to ever exist.
     Childhood’s End is not a novel of action and events. Most of what happens takes place in situations and the significance of it all is explained in the course of conversations, inner monologue, and narrative explication. Readers who want to see monstrous aliens being blown to pieces with laser guns and UFOs smashing up big cities will be disappointed. It is more of a meditative and contemplative novel written in a calm and somber tone. The plot moves along like gentle waves on a calm beach. It is meant to make us think about what our lives really mean, especially if we are only a speck of dust without any real significance in the grand scheme of everything. Does that mean all the religious beliefs in the world are merely simple stories we tell to make ourselves feel more important than we really are? Are all the bluster and egotism of power and politics nothing more than a waste of mental energy? Is there any sense in war if we all die in the end anyways? Why do we think of children as being so important? What does evolution actually feel like?
     Arthur C. Clarke has written a work of fantasy that causes us to ask realistic questions about life. So many other writers have done this before. He has done this in a way that elevates this science-fiction novel to the realm of true art. Through effective use of imagery, narrative technique, and philosophical enquiry, Childhood’s End definitely transcends its genre.
     It also opens up themes that get taken up again in 2001: A Space Odyssey. 

Clarke, Arthur C. Childhood's End. Ballantine Books, New York, 1953. 

Thursday, August 22, 2019

Tuesday, August 20, 2019

Book Review


As I Lay Dying by William Faulkner


     Weird hicks. That is the subject of William Faulkner’s classic novel As I Lay Dying. This Southern Gothic novel provides shifting perspectives from all the members of the Bundren family, their neighbors, and a few other people along the way of this road trip story. While it is probably one of Faulkner’s best novels, and certainly one of his most accessible, it may not be one of the greatest books ever written as some critics and historians have overstated. Still, it is a high point in American writing.
     The Bundrens live on a cotton farm in an imaginary region of Mississippi. As the story opens, the son named Cash is building a coffin outside the window of Addie, the mother, who is dying in her bed. The toothless husband and father, Anse, is sitting on the porch, typically allergic to work and self-absorbed, contemplating how much better life would be with teeth. The other family members are gradually introduced as death creeps closer and closer to Addie. Darl is a thoughtful son who makes everyone uncomfortable. Jewel was born to Addie after she had an affair with another man. The youngest son, Vardaman, approaches the house with a big fish he caught; he proceeds to kill it with an ax so they can eat it for dinner. Dewey Dell is the mothering and responsible daughter who tries to care for the whole family as their matriarch dies. Predictably Addie does die and at the same time a severe rainstorm comes. The family embarks on a journey to bring the corpse to the family burial plot in a nearby town but first they have to cross a flooded river where all the bridges were destroyed during the storm.
     The narrative is linear but it is told from the shifting first-person perspectives of about twenty people involved in the story. The altering narratives give the whole book a cinematic feel; as a new person takes up the story in each chapter, the change functions like shot transition in cinematography. If such these are done effectively in a movie, the pacing of can take on different characteristics and the shifts in narrative function the same way as well in this novel. As I Lay Dying is a very visual novel as well. But what really enhances the flow of the story is the subjective thoughts that each narrator provides. The reader gets some philosophical ruminations from Darl and Varnaman who contemplate ontologically about the nature of being (their awkward logic reads like a hillbilly version of Heidegger and is even a whole lot easier to understand than that old German fool); Faulkner tries to show how uneducated people, while lacking the intellectual vocabulary of academics, struggle with the same philosophical issues that are discussed in the ivory towers of college campuses. We learn that Anse thinks little about anybody but himself. Cash comes across as a fatalist who just accepts whatever happens to him no matter how rotten it is and Dewey Dell constantly frets over how to take care of the whole family. Most importantly, we see the perspectives of the neighbors and a couple other people who think the Bundrens are a bunch of lunatics. By the end of the novel, you will probably agree.
     A large portion of the novel described the family’s disastrous crossing of the swollen river. Jewel ties his horse to the mule team that is pulling their decrepit wagon with the coffin in the back. A log flowing downstream overturns the wagon, the casket floats away, and the mules drown. Of course, the river is symbolic and shows not only the division between the Bundrens and the more modern people in the town but also the point where the family, at least almost, coalesces and coheres into a more integrated unit. They almost congeal since Jewel, the black sheep of the family, emerges as the most loyal and dedicated member while Darl, who always bickers with Jewel, makes his exit in the later passages of the book. Jewel stands out in this part, not only because he does the most to rescue Cash, his tool box, and the wagon but also because he sacrifices his beloved horse, a symbol of his distance from his family, by selling it so they can buy a new team of mules. After the crossing of the river, we also learn that most of the family members did not want to make this journey for the sake of burying their mother. They had ulterior motives and all pretended to be concerned about her so they could get the things they really wanted in the town.
     As I Lay Dying gets more hilarious as it goes along. The corpse inside the coffin begins to stink and attracts unwanted attention from the people they pass along the way. A flock of vultures continuously circle overhead, waiting for a chance to feast on the corpse. The family tries to heal Cash’s broken leg by pouring concrete over it. A sleazy pharmacist convinces Dewey Dell he can abort her unwanted fetus by having sex with her after giving her capsules filled with talcum powder for ten dollars. Faulkner wrote a novel nicely seasoned with gallows humor; if you do not laugh out loud at least a couple times while reading it, you probably did not really get the book in all its finer details.
     Overall, As I Lay Dying is a great little novel and deserves to be regarded as a classic. Whether it is one of the greatest books ever written might be a bit of an exaggeration. By the end, it seemed a little rudimentary. The story of the road trip takes place over eight days and thankfully Faulkner did not try to describe the entire time they were traveling but some of the time shifts are confusing and make it feel like something was left out. It is also one of those books that needs to be read at least twice in order to really get a good understanding of what everything means. But it is a quick read and by the end of the second time around, you will probably see what makes it great.

Faulkner, William. As I Lay Dying. Vintage Books. New York, 1964.

Lupo the Butcher


Lupo the Butcher

animated short film by Marv Newland

International Rocketship Limited (1987)



Anijam


Anijam

animated short fil produced by Marv Newland

for International Rocketship Limited (1984)

Pink Komkommer


Pink Komkommer

short animated film directed by Marv Newland and Paul Driessen

for International Rocketship Limited (1991)

Monday, August 19, 2019

Sunday, August 18, 2019

Gong - Ooby Scooby Doomsday or the D Day Got the DDT Blues


Gong

Ooby Scooby Doomsday or the D Day Got the DDT Blues

from the lp Angels Egg

The 'Ax Man': New Orleans' Jazz-Loving Serial Killer


Pauline Bruno was terrified of the ax man. Like most residents of New Orleans, the 18-year-old had spent weeks reading the morbid newspaper accounts of his attacks. Each home invasion was remarkably similar: The assailant would use a chisel to pry out a door panel, unlock the entrance, and then find the master bedroom. Using an ax—one that usually belonged to his victims—he’d hack and swipe at couples who were sound asleep in the early morning hours. He would take nothing and leave only one clue behind: the bloodied hatchet, caked with gore and strands of hair.


The Hugh Beaumont Experience - Purple Things


The Hugh Beaumont Experience

Purple Things


Ulisse Aldrovandi 


Queen Esther and Dead Haman

by Ernst Fuchs


Saturday, August 17, 2019


Lydia Lunch

Book Review: The Process by Brion Gysin


     Brion Gysin is somewhat notable for being the inventor of the cut up method and the dream machine and his close friendship with William S. Burroughs. It is unfortunate that never got to be more well known as a writer. His novel The Process is an exhilarating reading experience that can make you wish his literary output had been larger.
     The main character of The Process is Ulys O. Hanson, a retired African-American history professor and compulsive keef smoker who sets out from Morocco to travel the slave trading routes in the Sahara desert. Hanson, often called Hassan throughout the novel, sets off into Algeria but gets stuck in the city of Tam. It is there where he meets up with a secret society of musicians who put members into trances and seizures that induce out-of-body experiences. The Muslim police learn about his involvement with them and revoke his visa, commanding him to remain captive in Tam. He escapes and makes his way back to Tanj in Morocco to reacquaint himself with Hamid, the Moroccan friend who initiated him into the secret society’s rituals in the hill town of Jajouka.
     Back in Tanj, Ulys listens to a tape recording of Hamid telling his life story. The friend, a wild and untamed boy, grew up to be a smuggler and thief. The musicians of Jajouka initiate him into their rites by having him dress as the bou jaloud, another name for the Pagan god Pan. Hamid becomes possessed by the spirit of bou jaloud and leaves Jajouka to work as a painter in the red light district where he uses his “paintbrush” to “paint all the whores”. Later in the same chapter, Hamid transforms into a whale that seduces a prostitute named Tanj and wrecks all the alleys and roads that lead to the central market before destroying that too. Thus, Hamid embodies the creative and destructive aspects of the phallus.
     Thay Himmer is the next character to record his story for Ulys. After introducing himself in the Cafe de Paris, the famed Beat Generation hangout, he gives Ulys an emerald stone and tells him that the attempt to trap him in Tam was part pf a plot that gets explained more and more as the novel goes on. Thay Himmer, in an attempt to escape his white American identity, also got initiated into a secret society called Hamadcha; they initiated him during a pilgrimage where they beat him over the head with a board, made him dance until his feet bled, and nailed him to the wall of a saint’s tomb in a cave. Himmer later learned to suppress his orgasms, enabling him to have sex with his wife for several hours at a time which in turn gave him magical powers. These powers were strengthened when he received the emerald scarab from a teacher and took a vow of silence. The connection between the scarab and language is revealed near the end of the book.
     Thay Himmer’s wife, Mya, is a Canadian Native American billionaire who receives a vision of ruling over the Sahara desert during a psylocibin trip in which she foresees her meeting with Ulys. Mya invests heavily in the psychotropic drug industry and begins stockpiling human pituitary glands in a stainless steel fortress built by Chinese communists and shaped like a star. It is located in the town of Tam which also happens to be a research center for the development of nuclear bombs. Mya’s plan is to possess Ulys O. Hanson with the Ghoul, a monstrous black spirit that rules as the king of the Sahara; once Ulys is possessed she can control him and reign over Africa first and then the entire world later.
     If this all sounds bewildering at this point, that is because it is. But strangely, the narrative remains lucid throughout the whole book. It is may be a little heavier than Robert Anton Wilson but not as exasperating as Thomas Pynchon. The Process works on many levels at once; the story can be taken literally and symbolically at the same time. There are veiled references to real people like Francis X. Fard who embodies the ideals of the Nation of Islam with the life story of Frantz Fanon; the practice of Grammatology is an obvious reference to the Church of Scientology. If you read carefully, many of the characters are written with similar details, almost as if they are all the same people inhabiting different bodies simultaneously. There are recurring themes and images of slavery and servitude woven through the narrative and these get balanced out by accounts of telepathy, dreams, shifting planes of consciousness, alternate realities, and out of body travel which seem to embody the ideal of absolute freedom. There are so many minute threads of details and re-occurring themes that it can be like looking at a finely woven rug that spins quickly in front of flickering lights, making you hallucinate as all the colors and patterns emerge and merge into your soul. Like the works of James Joyce, The Process turns inwards on itself like a kaleidoscopic mirror that reflects back and forth to infinity.
     But simply put, the whole book is about a regular person, Ulys O. Hanson, the man whose name is not Hassan; he smokes endless amounts of keef while traveling in the Sahara because he wants to find himself and become absolutely free.
     And who can not relate to that?

Gysin, Brion. The Process. Quarter Books, 1985. 

Friday, August 16, 2019


R.I.P. Peter Fonda, actor

A Fire in My Belly


A Fire in My Belly

short film by David Wojnarowicz (1986)




Trevor Brown



A Sculpture That Was Censored From Japan’s Aichi Triennale Will Become a Centerpiece of a New Museum for Banned Art


The Spanish collector Taxto Benet plans to install the work in his forthcoming Freedom Museum.


Virgin Prunes: Sons and Devils


Virgin Prunes: Sons and Devils - A Live Retrospective 1981 - 1983

an Ikon VHS documentary (1986)

The VHS Atrocities of Psychic TV’s FIRST TRANSMISSION [NSFW]


Psychic TV was more than just an experimental band — they were but one facet of a metaphysical collective founded by Genesis, entitled “Thee Temple Ov Psychick Youth,” which boasted a worldwide following and published their principles in a manifesto entitled THE GREY BOOK. Among the pages of this strange tract was an ad for FIRST TRANSMISSION — a multi-volume series of VHS tapes released in 1982.


Scientists discover new pain-sensing organ


Octopus-like Schwann cells that engulf nerves in skin can sense pain, experiments show